His late period works were characterized by formal, harmonic, and structural experimentation at the highest level, often pointing toward contrapuntal tendencies and microscopic textures, as well as an increasingly introverted compositional outlook. The works of his middle period were more forward-looking, contributing to the musical language and thinking of the Romantic era, inspiring composers such as Franz Schubert, Felix Mendelssohn, Robert Schumann, Franz Liszt, Richard Wagner, and Johannes Brahms. The works of his early period brought the Classical form to its highest expressive level, expanding in formal, structural, and harmonic terms the musical idiom developed by predecessors such as Mozart and Haydn. Only in the realm of vocal composition – opera and the mass – was his effect on later generations mutedīeethoven's stylistic innovations bridge the Classical and Romantic periods. While he is most famous for his heightening of the symphonic form, Beethoven also had a dramatic influence on the piano sonata, violin sonata, string quartet and piano concerto, among several others. īeethoven expanded the formal and emotional scope – not to mention length – of nearly every genre in which he wrote. He is widely considered among the most important composers, and along with Bach and Mozart, his music is the most frequently recorded. He has been the subject of numerous biographies and monographs, and his music was the driving force behind the development of Schenkerian analysis. Scholarly journals are devoted to analysis of his life and work. ![]() Since his lifetime, when he was "universally accepted as the greatest living composer", Beethoven's music has remained among the most performed, discussed and reviewed in the Western world. Ludwig van Beethoven is one of the most influential figures in the history of classical music. After several months of illness, which left him bedridden, he died in 1827.Overview of the musical style of Beethoven Written in his last years, his late string quartets, including the Grosse Fuge, of 1825–1826 are among his final achievements. 9, one of the first examples of a choral symphony, between 18. He composed Missa solemnis between 18 and his final Symphony, No. His only opera, Fidelio, first performed in 1805, was revised to its final version in 1814. He described his problems with health and his unfulfilled personal life in two letters, his Heiligenstadt Testament (1802) to his brothers and his unsent love letter to an unknown " Immortal Beloved" (1812).Īfter 1810, increasingly less socially involved, Beethoven composed many of his most admired works, including later symphonies, mature chamber music and the late piano sonatas. ![]() He was almost completely deaf by 1814, and he then gave up performing and appearing in public. 73, known as the Emperor), dedicated to his frequent patron Archduke Rudolf of Austria, premiered in 1811, without Beethoven as soloist. Despite his hearing deteriorating during this period, he continued to conduct, premiering his Third and Fifth Symphonies in 18, respectively. His first major orchestral work, the First Symphony, premiered in 1800, and his first set of string quartets was published in 1801. Beethoven then gained a reputation as a virtuoso pianist, and was soon patronised by Karl Alois, Prince Lichnowsky for compositions, which resulted in his three Opus 1 piano trios (the earliest works to which he accorded an opus number) in 1795. At age 21, he moved to Vienna, which subsequently became his base, and studied composition with Haydn. He found relief from a dysfunctional home life with the family of Helene von Breuning, whose children he loved, befriended, and taught piano. Beethoven was later taught by the composer and conductor Christian Gottlob Neefe, under whose tutelage he published his first work, a set of keyboard variations, in 1783. ![]() He was initially harshly and intensively taught by his father, Johann van Beethoven. His musical talent was obvious at an early age.
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